Thermogravimetric analysis of bamboo-tar under different heating rates based on distributed activation energy model

Huan Zhang, Beibei Yan, Tingzhou Lei, Tao Liu, Jianjun Hu, Yameng Li, Guanyi Chen

Abstract


Carbon fiber is a kind of new polymer material with excellent mechanical properties and being applied widely. The process of carbon fiber prepared by bamboo tar, including extraction, condensation, spinning, oxidation and carbonation, is influenced by the pyrolysis kinetics significantly. In this paper, the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of bamboo tar produced in the process of pyrolysis and gasification of the bamboo which is known as Phylostachys sulphurea, was analyzed by the distributed activation energy model (DAEM) to understand the kinetic properties and parameters of bamboo tar. The thermogravimetric analysis of bamboo tar which is used as the raw material of carbon fiber was conducted under 5 different heating rates (i.e. 5, 10, 15, 30 and 50 °C/min, etc.) in nitrogen atmosphere. The results show that the activation energy of bamboo tar and the exponential factor increased significantly with the increase of the heating rate, and the low heating rate is advantageous to the extraction of bamboo tar solvent and the thermal polycondensation, which can provide scientific reference for the optimization of carbon fiber technology. The thermal weight results show that the temperature range of bamboo tar being decomposed rapidly is 213°C-410°C. The ranges of the activation energy were calculated by DAEM, which have small difference in comparisons with five heating rates when the conversion rate is at 0.1-0.6 and the average value of the activation energy is 119 kJ/mol. The stability range of the activation energy is enlarged when the conversion rate is greater than 0.6 and heating rate increases.
Keywords: bamboo tar, carbon fiber, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), distributed activation energy model (DAEM)
DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20181106.3839

Citation: Zhang H, Yan B B, Lei T Z, Liu T, Hu J J, Li Y M, et al. Thermogravimetric analysis of bamboo-tar under different heating rates based on distributed activation energy model. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2018; 11(6): 180–186.

Keywords


bamboo tar, carbon fiber, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), distributed activation energy model (DAEM)

Full Text:

PDF

References


Yuan H, Duan L, Qiu Y, Gao L, Zhang P, Cao R, et al. Response of son astrocytes and neurons to hyperosmotic stimulation after carbenoxolone injection into the lateral ventricle. Acta Anatomica Sinica, 2004; 35(2): 127–131.

Zhang T K. Technical reformation of ferromanganese BF. Jiangxi Metallurgy, 2002. (in Chineses)

Yang Z, Robb D A. Partition coefficients of substrates and products and solvent selection for biocatalysis under nearly anhydrous conditions. Biotechnology & Bioengineering, 1994; 43(5): 365–370.

Sheng D, Gold M H. Haloperoxidase activity of manganese peroxidase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Archives of Biochemistry & Biophysics, 1997; 345(1): 126.

Han X, Wong Y S, Wong M H, Tam N F Y.. Feasibility of using microalgal biomass cultured in domestic wastewater for the removal of chromium pollutants. Water Environment Research, 2008, 80(7): 647–53.

Li H Y, Xu Q L, Xue H S, Yan Y J.. Catalytic reforming of the aqueous phase derived from fast-pyrolysis of biomass. Renewable Energy, 2009; 34(12): 2872–2877.

Patel D, Dayton P, Gut J, Wisner E, Ferrara K W. Optical and acoustical interrogation of submicron contrast agents. Ultrasonics Ferroelectrics & Frequency Control IEEE Transactions, 2002; 49(12): 1641–1651.

Devi L, Ptasinski K J, Janssen F J J G. A review of the primary measures for tar elimination in biomass gasification processes. Biomass & Bioenergy, 2003; 24(2): 125–140.

Wu B, Wang Z, Gong Q M, Song H H, Liang J. Fabrication and mechanical properties of in situ prepared mesocarbon microbead/carbon nanotube composites. Materials Science & Engineering A, 2008; 487(1): 271–277.

Wu X B, Wu J, Dan X Q, Zhang T P, Cao H. Application research of bamboo resources on rocky desertification control in China. World Forestry Research, 2015; 28(3): 37–41. (in Chinese)

Luo A X. Study on microwave pyrolysis of bamboo residues and properties of its products. Nanchang: Nanchang University, 2007. (in Chinese)

Wang X J, Wang Y, Wang X, Liu M, Xia S Q, Yin D Q, et al. Microwave-assisted preparation of bamboo charcoal-based iron-containing adsorbents for Cr(VI) removal. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2011; 174(1): 326–332.

Zhao R S, Yuan J P, Jiang T, Shi J B, Cheng C G. Application of bamboo charcoal as solid-phase extraction adsorbent for the determination of atrazine and simazine in environmental water samples by high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detector. Talanta, 2008; 76(4): 956–959.

Zhu L, Huang Z H, Wen D, Kang F. Preparation and performance of biologically activated bamboo charcoal for removing quinoline. Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, 2010; 71(4): 704–707.

Zhang W B, Wang W L, Shao Q J, Fu Q H, Wong Y M, Qi W R. The present situation of the bamboo charcoal production process and the suggestion. Journal of Bamboo Research, 2003(1): 8–12. (in Chineses)

Jung S, Kang B, Kim J. Production of bio-oil form rice straw and bamboo sawdust under various reaction conditions in a fast pyrolysis plant equipped with a fluidized bed and a char separation system. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 2008; 82(2): 240–247.

Qiao W M, Song Y, Huda M, Zhang X, Yoon S H, and Mochida I, et al. Development of carbon precursor from bamboo tar. Carbon, 2005; 43(14): 3021–3025.

Prauchner M J, Pasa V, Otani S, Otani C. Biopitch-based general purpose carbon fibers: Processing and properties. Carbon, 2005; 43(3): 591–597.

Home P A, Williams P T. Influence of temperature on the products from the flash pyrolysis of biomass. Fuel, 1996; 75(9): 1051–1059.

Li S, Xu S, Liu S, Chen Y, Lu Q. Fast pyrolysis of biomass in free-fall reactor for hydrogen-rich gas. Fuel Processing Technology, 2004; 85(8-10): 1201–1211.

GB/T 21923-2008, General testing rules for solid biofules, Beijing: China Standards Press, 2008.

GB/T 28734-2012, Determination of carbon and hydrogen in solid biofuels, Beijing: China Standards Press, 2012.

GB/T 30728-2014, Determination of nitrogen in solid biofuels Beijing: China Standards Press, 2014.

Mehrabian R, Scharler R, Obernberger I. Effects of pyrolysis conditions on the heating rate in biomass particles and applicability of TGA kinetic parameters in particle thermal conversion modelling. Fuel, 2012; 93: 567–575.

Maciejewski M. Computational aspects of kinetic analysis. Part B: the ICTAC Kinetics Project: the decomposition kinetics of calcium carbonate revisited, or some tips on survival in the kinetic minefield. Thermochim Acta, 2000; 355: 145–154.

Vand V. A theory of the irreversible electrical resistance changes of metallic films evaporated in vacuum. Proc Phys Soc, 2002; 55(3): 222.

Miura K, Maki T. A simple method for estimating f(E) and k0(E) in the distributed activation energy model. Energy Fuels, 1998; 12(5): 864–869.

Miura K. A new and simple method to estimate f(E) and k0(E) in the distributed activation energy model from three sets of experimental data. Energy Fuels, 1995; 9(2): 302–307.

Ozawa T. A new method of analyzing thermogravimetric data. Bull Chem Soc Jpn, 1965; 38(11): 1881–1886.

Yao F, Wu Q, Lei Y, Guo W, Xu Y. Thermal decomposition kinetics of natural fibers: activation energy with dynamic thermogravimetric analysis. Polym Degrad Stab, 2008; 93(1): 90–98.

Grønli M G, Va´rhegyi G, Di Blasi C. Thermogravimetri analysis and devolatilization kinetics of wood. Ind Eng Chem Res, 2002; 41(17): 4201–4208.

Taro S, Worasuwannarak N, Pipatmanomai S. Synergies in co-pyrolysis of Thai lignite and corncob. Fuel Processing Technology, 2008; 89(12): 1371–1378.

Shen D K, Gu S, Jin B, Fang M X. Thermal degradation mechanisms of

wood under inert and oxidative environments using DAEM methods. Bioresour Technol, 2011; 102(2): 2047–2052.

Li C, Suzuki K. Kinetic analyses of biomass tar pyrolysis using the distributed activation energy model by TG/DTA technique. J Therm Anal Calorim, 2009; 98(1): 261–266.

Di Blasi C. Modeling intra- and extra-particle processes of wood fast pyrolysis. AlChE J; 2002; 48(10): 2386–2397.

Kumar A, Wang L, Dzenis Y A, Jones D D, Hanna M A. Thermogravimetric characterization of corn stover as gasification and pyrolysis feedstock. Biomass Bioenergy, 2008; 32(5): 460–467.




Copyright (c) 2018 International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering



2023-2026 Copyright IJABE Editing and Publishing Office