Discrete element simulation of the grain mixing law in brown rice germination device

Jiagang Yan, Biao Xie, Jinyin Bai, Yun Zheng, Shibo Zhao, Nian Liu, Qiang Zhang

Abstract


The discrete element method (DEM) was used in this study to numerically simulate the mixing process and motion law of particles in brown rice germination device. And the reliability of simulation experiments was verified through physical experiments. In the discrete element simulation experiment, there were three mixing stages in the mixing process of the particles. The particle motion conditions at different rotational speeds were rolling, cascading, cataracting and centrifuging. The lower the filling degree, the higher the particle mixing efficiency. The radial trajectory of the particles was approximated as an elliptical helix that continuously shrank towards the axis. The research results indicated that under the same speed and filling conditions, the motion of brown rice particles in both the simulated and physical test environments is rolling and the drop height is the same.
Keywords: brown rice germination device tank, brown rice particles, discrete element method, motion law, mixing characteristics
DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20241701.8014

Citation: Yan J G, Biao X, Bai J Y, Zheng Y, Zhao S B, Liu N, et al. Discrete element simulation of the grain mixing law in brown rice germination device. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2024; 17(1): 41-48.

Keywords


brown rice germination device tank, brown rice particles, discrete element method, motion law, mixing characteristics

Full Text:

PDF

References


Chungcharoen T, Prachayawarakorn S, Tungtrakul P, Soponronnarit S. Effects of germination time and drying temperature on drying characteristics and quality of germinated paddy. Food and Bioproducts Processing, 2015; 94: 707–716.

Mohd Esa N, Abdul Kadir K K, Amom Z, Azlan A. Antioxidant activity of white rice, brown rice and germinated brown rice （ in vivo and in vitro） and the effects on lipid peroxidation and liver enzymes in hyperlipidaemic rabbits. Food Chemistry, 2013; 141（2）: 1306–1312.

Nguyen B C Q, Shahinozzaman M, Tien N T K, Thach T N, Tawata S. Effect of sucrose on antioxidant activities and other health-related micronutrients in gamma-aminobutyric acid （GABA）-enriched sprouting Southern Vietnam brown rice. Journal of Cereal Science, 2020; 93: 102985.

Bao Y Y, Lu Y, Cai Z Q, Gao Z M. Effects of rotational speed and fill level on particle mixing in a stirred tank with different impellers. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2018; 26（6）: 1383–1391.

Xia Q, Li Y F. Mild high hydrostatic pressure pretreatments applied before soaking process to modulate wholegrain brown rice germination: An examination on embryo growth and physicochemical properties. Food Research International, 2018; 106: 817–824.

Zhang Q, Liu N, Wang S S, Pan L Q. Effects of germination and aeration treatment following segmented moisture conditioning on the γ-aminobutyric acid accumulation in germinated brown rice. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2020; 13（5）: 234–240.

Zhang Q, Liu N, Wang S S, Liu Y, Lan H P. Effects of cyclic cellulase conditioning and germination treatment on the γ-aminobutyric acid content and the cooking and taste qualities of germinated brown rice. Food Chemistry, 2019; 289: 232–239.

Jadidi B, Ebrahimi M, Ein-Mozaffari F, Lohi A. Mixing performance analysis of non-cohesive particles in a double paddle blender using DEM and experiments. Powder Technology, 2022; 397: 117122.

Govender N, Wilke D N, Wu C Y, Rajamani R, Khinast J, Glasser B J. Large-scale GPU based DEM modeling of mixing using irregularly shaped particles. Advanced Powder Technology, 2018; 29（10）: 2476–2490.

Yang S, Hu S, Zhang W. Mixing and dispersion behaviours of ellipsoid particles in a bubbling fluidized bed. Powder Technology, 2022; 396: 210–223.

Zuo Z J, Gong S G, Xie G L, Zhang J P. DEM simulation of binary mixing particles with different density in an intensive mixer. Powder Technology, 2021; 383: 454–470.

Jin X, Wang S, Shen Y S. DEM study of mixing behaviours of cohesive particles in a U-shaped ribbon mixer. Powder Technology, 2022; 399: 117097.

Chandratilleke G R, Jin X, Shen Y S. DEM study of effects of particle size and density on mixing behaviour in a ribbon mixer. Powder Technology, 2021; 392: 93–107.

Yaraghi A, Ebrahimi M, Ein-Mozaffari F, Lohi A. Mixing assessment of non-cohesive particles in a paddle mixer through experiments and discrete element method （DEM）. Advanced Powder Technology, 2018; 29（11）: 2693–2706.

Yu M X, Zhang H J, Guo J H, Zhang J L, Han Y. Three-dimensional DEM simulation of polydisperse particle flow in rolling mode rotating drum. Powder Technology, 2022; 396: 626–636.

Hu C S, Luo K, Fan J R, Yang S L. Mixing and segregation of binary particles in rotating drum: a numerical study. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2015; 36（9）: 1947–1951.

Li Y Y, Bao J, Yu A B, Yang R Y. A combined data-driven and discrete modelling approach to predict particle flow in rotating drums. Chemical Engineering Science, 2021; 231: 116251.

Zuo Z J, Gong S G, Xie G L. Numerical investigation of granular mixing in an intensive mixer: Effect of process and structural parameters on mixing performance and power consumption. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2021; 32（4）: 241–252.

Li A Q, Jia F G, Han Y L, Chen P Y, Zhang J C, Wang Y L, et al. Effect of the rotational speeds of the screw conveyor and milling roller on the behaviour of grain flows in the connected chamber of a vertical “conveying-milling” rice mill. Biosystems Engineering, 2022; 224: 161–182.

Wu W, Chen K, Tsotsas E. Prediction of particle mixing time in a rotary drum by 2D DEM simulations and cross-correlation. Advanced Powder Technology, 2022; 33（4）: 103512.

Santos D A, Barrozo M A S, Duarte C R, Weigler F, Mellmann J. Investigation of particle dynamics in a rotary drum by means of experiments and numerical simulations using DEM. Advanced Powder Technology, 2016; 27（2）: 692–703.

Liu Y, Han Y L, Jia F G, Yao L N, Wang H, Shi Y F. Numerical simulation on stirring motion and mixing characteristics of ellipsoid particles. Chinese Journal of Physics, 2015; 64（11）: 258–265.

Zeng Y, Jia F G, Chen P Y, Qiu H L, Han Y L, Meng X Y, et al. Effects of convex rib height on spherical particle milling in a lab-scale horizontal rice mill. Powder Technology, 2019; 342: 1–10.

Li A Q, Jia F G, Zhang J C, Han Y L, Meng X Y, Chen P Y, et al. The effects of filling level on the milling accuracy of rice in the friction rice mill. Powder Technology, 2022; 398: 117052.

Li A Q, Han Y L, Jia F G, Zhang J C, Meng X Y, Chen P Y, et al. Examination milling non-uniformity in friction rice mills using by discrete element method and experiment. Biosystems Engineering, 2021; 211: 247–259.

Mellmann J. The transverse motion of solids in rotating cylinders-forms of motion and transition behavior. Powder Technology, 2001; 118: 251–270.

Tanabe S, Gopireddy S R, Minami H, Ando S, Urbanetz N A, Scherließ R. Influence of particle size and blender size on blending performance of bi-component granular mixing: A DEM and experimental study. European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2019; 134: 205–218.

Jain A, Evrard F, Wachem B V. The effect of side walls on particles mixing in rotating drums. Particuology, 2023; 72: 112–121.

Ebrahimi M, Yaraghi A, Jadidi B, Ein-Mozaffari F, Lohi, A. Assessment of bi-disperse solid particles mixing in a horizontal paddle mixer through experiments and DEM. Powder Technology, 2021; 381: 129–140.

Li D, Xu X, Chen J H, Yang K, Liu X, Yang L. Numerical study on the effect of drum on the flow behavior of binary-size particles in rotating drums. Powder Technology, 2021; 386: 108–119.

Tsunazawa Y, Soma N, Sakai M. DEM study on identification of mixing mechanisms in a pot blender. Advanced Powder Technology, 2022; 33（1）: 103337.

Ji S Y, Wang S Q, Zhou Z Y. Influence of particle shape on mixing rate in rotating drums based on super-quadric DEM simulations. Advanced Powder Technology, 2020; 31（8）: 3540–3550.

Deng S A, Wen Z, Su F Y, Wang Z, Lou G, Liu X, et al. Radial mixing of metallurgical slag particles and steel balls in a horizontally rotating drum: A discussion of particle size distribution and mixing time. Powder Technology, 2021; 378: 441–454.




Copyright (c) 2024 International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

2023-2026 Copyright IJABE Editing and Publishing Office