Effects of LED light spectrum on the growth and energy use efficiency of eggplant transplants

Hao Yang, Ting Wang, Fang Ji, Qing Zhou, Jianfeng Wang

Abstract


To enhance the transplants' growth and reduce energy use efficiency, Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) transplants (cv. Jingqie 21) were cultivated in a plant factory laboratory under different LED light spectrums. The experimental treatments included white plus blue LED lights (R: B=0.5, WB0.5), white LED lights (R: B=0.9, W0.9), white plus red LED lights (R: B=2.7, WR2.7), white plus red plus UV lights (R: B=3.8, WRUV3.8), and red plus blue plus green LED lights (R: B=5.4, RBG5.4). The transplants were grown for 30 d under a light intensity of 250 μmol/m2·s and a photoperiod of 16 h/d. The morphological indicators and biomass accumulation of eggplant transplants were significantly higher in the W0.9 treatment compared to the other experimental treatments. The photosynthetic quantum yield in the W0.9 treatment exhibited an increase of over 22% compared to that in the WR2.7 treatment. The shoot dry weight of the W0.9 treatment reached (381±41) mg/plant and the leaf area was (113.3±8.9) cm2, indicating a higher health index compared to the other treatments. However, there were no significant differences in the net photosynthetic rate of the leaves among all treatments. The energy yield (EY) of the W0.9 treatment was (37.7±1.8) g/kW·h, which was higher than others. Therefore, considering the high quality of transplants and the maximization of energy use efficiency, the LED light spectrum in the eggplant transplants production was recommended to the white LED light with an R: B ratio of 0.9.
Keywords: eggplant transplants, LED light spectrum, growth, energy use efficiency
DOI:

Citation: Yang H, Wang T, Ji F, Zhou Q, Wang J F. Effects of LED light spectrum on the growth and energy use efficiency of eggplant transplants. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2023; 16(3): 23–29.

Keywords


eggplant transplants, LED light spectrum, growth, energy use efficiency

Full Text:

PDF

References


FAOSTAT, 2019. http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC. Accessed on [2021-08-21].

Tuskan G A, Muchero W, Tschaplinski T J, Ragauskas A J. Population-level approaches reveal novel aspects of lignin biosynthesis, content, composition and structure. Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 2019; 56: 250–257.

Ryo M, Keiko O K, Kazuhiro F, Kenji K. Effects of blue light deficiency on acclimation of light energy partitioning in PS II and CO2 assimilation capacity to high irradiance in spinach leaves. Plant and Cell Physiology, 2008; 49(4): 664–670.

Bula R J, Zhou W. First flight of the AstrocultureTM experiment as a part of the US Shuttle/MIR program. Advances in Space Research, 2000; 26(2): 247–252.

Hernández R, Kubota C. Physiological responses of cucumber seedlings under different blue and red photon flux ratios using LEDs. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 2016; 121(1): 66–74.

Nanya K, Ishigami Y, Hikosaka S, Goto E. Effects of blue and red light on stem elongation and flowering of tomato seedlings. Acta Horticulturae, 2012; 956: 261–266.

Savvides A, Fanourakis D, van Ieperen W. Co-ordination of hydraulic and stomatal conductance across light qualities in cucumber leaves. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2012; 63(3): 1135–1143.

Wollaeger H M, Runkle E S. Growth responses of ornamental annual seedlings under different wavelengths of red light provided by light-emitting diodes. Hortscience, 2013; 48: 1478–1483.

Yan Z N, He D X, Niu G H, Zhai H. Evaluation of growth and quality of hydroponic lettuce at harvest as affected by the light intensity, photoperiod and light quality at seedling stage. Scientia Horticulturae, 2019; 248: 138–144.

Kozai T. Towards sustainable plant factories with artificial lighting (PFALs) for achieving SDGs. Inter J of Agric & Biol Eng, 2019; 12(5): 28–37. doi: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20191205.5177.

Piovene C, Orsini F, Bosi S, Sanoubar R, Bregola V, Dinelli G, et al. Optimal red: blue ratio in led lighting for nutraceutical indoor horticulture. Scientia Horticulturae, 2015; 193: 202–208.

Kwack Y, Kim K K, Hwang H, Chun C. Growth and quality of sprouts of six vegetables cultivated under different light intensity and quality. Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology, 2015; 56(4): 437–443.

Sartory D R, Grobbelaar J U. Extraction of chlorophyll a from freshwater phytoplankton for spectrophotometric analysis. Hydrobiologia, 1984; 114: 177–187.

Yokoi S, Kozai T, Ohyama K, Hasegawa T, Chun C H, Kubota C. Effects of leaf area index of tomato seedling population on energy utilization efficiencies in a closed transplant production system. Journal of Society of High Technology in Agriculture, 2003; 15(4): 231–238.

Kozai T. Resource use efficiency of closed plant production system with artificial light: concept, estimation and application to plant factory. Proceedings of the Japan Academy. Series B, Physical and Biological Sciences, 2013; 89(10): 447–461.

Fang W. Quantification of performance in plant factory. Technology advances in protected horticulture-proceedings of 2013 the 3rd high-level international forum on protected horticulture. Beijing: China Agriculture Press, 2013: 64–71. (in Chinese)

Ouyang F, Mao J, Wang J, Zhang S, Li Y. Transcriptome analysis reveals that red and blue light regulate growth and phytohormone metabolism in Norway spruce Picea abies (L.) Karst. PLoS ONE, 2015; 10(8): 83–85.

Forzieri G, Duveiller G, Georgievski G, Li W, Robertson E, Kautz M, et al. Evaluating the interplay between biophysical processes and leaf area changes in land surface models. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 2018; 10: 1102–1126.

Kim H H, Goins G D, Wheeler R M, Sager J C. Green-light supplementation for enhanced lettuce growth under red- and blue-light-emitting diodes. HortScience, 2004; 39(7): 1617–1622.

Mickens M A, Skoog E J, Reese L E, Barnwell P L, Spencer L E, Massa G D, et al. A strategic approach for investigating light recipes for ‘Outredgeous’ red romaine lettuce using white and monochromatic LEDs. Life Sciences in Space Research, 2018; 19: 53–62.

Park Y, Runkle E S. Far-red radiation promotes growth of seedlings by increasing leaf expansion and whole-plant net assimilation. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 2017; 136: 41–49.

Li S M, Rajapakse N C, Young R E, Qi R. Growth responses of chrysanthemum and bell pepper transplants to photo selective plastic films. Scientia Horticulturae, 2000; 84(3-4): 215–225.

Robin C, Hay M J M, Newton P C D. Effect of light quality (red: far-red ratio) and defoliation treatments applied at a single phytomer on axillary bud outgrowth in Trifolium repens L. Oecologia, 1994; 100(3): 236–242.

Kurepin L V, Walton L J, Reid D M. Interaction of red to far red light ratio and ethylene in regulating stem elongation of Helianthus annuus. Plant Growth Regulation, 2007; 51(1): 53–61.

Yorio N C, Goins G D, Kagie H R, Wheeler R M, Sager J C. Improving spinach, radish, and lettuce growth under red light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with blue light supplementation. HorticScience, 2001; 36(2): 380–383.

Yan Z N, He D X, Niu G H, Zhou Q, Qu Y H. Growth, nutritional quality, and energy use efficiency of hydroponic lettuce as influenced by daily light integrals exposed to white versus white plus red light-emitting diodes. HortScience, 2019; 54(10): 1737–1744.

Ye B X, Mao D C, Liu X C. Study on the correlation of root activity and photosynthetic rate in the later growth duration of super-wheat. Plant Physiology, 2005; 4: 15–18.

Cao G, Zhang G, Yu J, Ma Y. Effects of different led light qualities on cucumber seedling growth and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2013; 46(6): 1297–1304.

Son K, Oh M, In B. Growth and bioactive compound synthesis in cultivated lettuce subject to light-quality changes. HortScience, 2017; 52(4): 584–591.

Xu D Q, Gao W, Ruan J. Effects of light quality on plant growth and development. Plant Physiology Journal, 2015; 51(8): 1217–1234. (in Chinese)

Senge M O, Ryan A A, Letchford K A, MacGowan S A, Mielke T. Chlorophylls, symmetry, chirality, and photosynthesis. Symmetry, 2014; 6(3): 781–843.

Lee M J, Park S Y, Oh M M. Growth and cell division of lettuce plants under various ratios of red to far-red light-emitting diodes. Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology, 2015; 56(2): 186–194.

Wang J, Lu W, Tong X Y, Yang Q C. Leaf morphology, photosynthetic performance, chlorophyll fluorescence, stomatal development of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) exposed to different ratios of red light to blue light. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2016; 7: 1–10.

Shimazaki K I, Doi M, Assmann S M, Kinoshita T. Light regulation of stomatal movement. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 2007; 58: 219–247.

Liu N, Ji F, Xu L J, He D X. Effects of LED light quality on the growth of pepper seedling in plant factory. Inter J of Agric & Biol Eng, 2019; 12(5): 44–50. doi: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20191205.4847.

Hong S, Xu D. Light-induced increase in initial fluorescence parameters to strong light between wheat and soybean leaves. Chinese Science Bulletin, 1997; 42: 684–688.

Di Q, Li J, Du Y, Wei M, Shi Q, Li Y, Yang F. Combination of red and blue lights improved the growth and development of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) seedlings by regulating photosynthesis. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 2020; 8: 1–16.

Lin A J, Zhang X H, Chen M M, Cao Q. Oxidative stress and DNA damages induced by cadmium accumulation. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2007; 19(5): 596–602.




Copyright (c) 2023 International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

2023-2026 Copyright IJABE Editing and Publishing Office