Saccharification versus simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of kraft pulp

Nichole A. Bauer, William R. Gibbons

Abstract


Enzymes are a significant cost in cellulosic ethanol production, minimizing their use would be desirable as long as ethanol yields and productivities are not reduced. The aim was to evaluate the effects of enzyme dosage on conversion of cellulose to ethanol. Kraft pulp, an intermediate in paper production, was used to represent a fractionated cellulose feedstock. Trials were conducted in a 5 L BioFlow bioreactor (2-3 L working volume) with agitation rate varied (80-900 r/m) to provide acceptable mixing. Based on survey of the literature, an average dosage for cellulase (34 FPU/g glucan) and

Keywords


cellulosic ethanol, fermentation, saccharification, renewable energy

Full Text:

Provisional-PDF PDF

References


Renewable Fuels Association. Ethanol industry outlook. Renewable Fuels Association, 2010. p. 1-32.

Lin Y, Tanaka S. Ethanol fermentation from biomass resources: Current state and prospects. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, [Review]. 2006; 69(6): 627-42.

Perlack R, Wright L, Turhallow A, Braham R, Stockes B, Erbach D. Biomass as feedstock for a bioenergy and bioproducts industry: The technical feasibility of a biollion-ton annual supply. In: U.S. Department of Energy and U.S. Department of Agriculture FS, editor. Washington

DC: ORNL/TM; 2005. p. 66-73.

Christensen D. Clean fractionation In: Laboratory NRE, editor. Golden, Colorado 2008.

Dale B E, Weaver J, Byers F M. Extrusion processing for ammonia fiber explosion (AFEX). In: Proceedings of Appl Biochem Biotechnol, 1999; 77-9: 35-45.

Kim T H, Kim J S, Sunwoo C, Lee Y Y. Pretreatment of corn stover by aqueous ammonia. Bioresour Technol, 2003; 90(1): 39-47.

Sun Y, Cheng J J. Dilute acid pretreatment of rye straw and bermudagrass for ethanol production. Bioresour Technol, 2005; 96(14): 1599-606.

Kaar WEaH, Mark T. Using lime pretreatment to facilitate the enzymatic hydrolysis of corn stover. Biomass and Bioenergy, 2000; 18(3): 189-99.

Kim S, Holtzapple M T. Lime pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of corn stover. Bioresour Technol, 2005; 96(18): 1994-2006.

Zhang Y, Ding S, Mielenz J, Cui J, Elander R, Laser M, et al. Fractionating recalcitrant lignocelluloses at modest reaction conditions. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 2007; 97(2):

-23.

Bals B, Dale B, Balan V. Enzymatic hydrolysis of distiller’s dry grain and solubles (DDGS) using ammonia fiber expansion pretreatment. Energy and Fuels, 2006; 20: 2732-6.

Palmarola-Adrados B, Galbe M, Zacchi G. Pretreatment of barley husk for bioethanol production. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, 2005; 80: 85?91.

Rosgaard L, Pedersen S, Meyer A S. Comparison of different pretreatment strategies for enzymatic hydrolysis of wheat and barley straw. Appl Biochem Biotechnol, 2007; 143: 284-96.

Kim T H, Taylor F, Hicks K B. Bioethanol production from barley hull using SAA (soaking in aqueous ammonia) pretreatment. Bioresour Technol, 2008; 99(13): 5694-702.

Karunanithy C, Muthukumarappan K. Influence of extruder temperature and screw speed on pretreatment of corn stover while varying enzymes and their ratios. Appl Biochem Biotechnol, 2010; 162(1): 264-79.

Mosier N, Hendrickson R, Ho N, Sedlak M, Ladisch M R. Optimization of pH controlled liquid hot water pretreatment of corn stover. Bioresour Technol, 2005; 96(18): 1986-93.

Garlock R J, Chundawat S P S, Balan V, Dale B E. Optimizing harvest of corn stover fractions based on overall sugar yields following ammonia fiber expansion pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. Biotechnology for Biofuels, 2009; 2.

Mesa L, Gonzalez E, Cara C, Ruiz E, Castro E, Mussatto S I. An approach to optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis from sugarcane bagasse based on organosolv pretreatment.

Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, 2010; 85(8): 1092-8.

Pryor SW, Nahar N. Deficiency of cellulase activity measurements for enzyme evaluation. Appl Biochem Biotechnol, 2010; 162(6): 1737-50.

Philippidis G P, Smith T K, Wyman C E. Study of the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose for production of fuel ethanol by the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation process. Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 1993; 41: 846-56.

Kuhad R C, Mehta G, Gupta R, Sharma K K. Fed batch enzymatic saccharification of newspaper cellulosics improves the sugar content in the hydrolysates and eventually the

ethanol fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biomass Bioenerg, 2010; 34(8): 1189-94.

Zhang M J, Wang F, Su R X, Qi W, He Z M. Ethanol production from high dry matter corncob using fed-batch simultaneous saccharification and fermentation after combined pretreatment. Bioresour Technol, 2009; 101(13): 4959-64.

Erdei B, Barta Z, Sipos B, Reczey K, Galbe M, Zacchi G. Ethanol production from mixtures of wheat straw and wheat meal. Biotechnology for Biofuels, 2010; 3:1-9.

Novozymes. Novozyme 50010 Material Safety Data Sheet In: Novozymes, editor. Franklinton, NC 2009.

Novozymes. Novozyme 50013 Material Safety Data Sheet. In: Novozymes, editor. Franklinton, NC 2009.




Copyright (c)



2023-2026 Copyright IJABE Editing and Publishing Office