Information acquisition system of multipoint soil surface height variation for profiling mechanism of seeding unit of precision corn planter

Bo Zhang, Wei Zhang, Liqiang Qi, Haiba Fu, Lijuan Yu, Rui Li, Yue Zhao, Xinxian Ma

Abstract


The emergence rate and vitality of maize are directly affected by the sowing depth, and the uniformity of this depth is an important performance indicator of a planter, while the effective soil surface height information acquisition is the prerequisite for ensuring the accuracy of sowing depth control. The soil surface height variation acquisition system of a precision corn planter often produces profiling errors when performing active profiling due to interference from ground debris. In this study, a multipoint soil surface height variation information acquisition system was investigated, which consists of a ranging sensor group and a microcontroller unit (MCU) using a data comparison and screening method. The structure and specifications of the ranging sensors were determined according to the soil surface height variation and debris size, and a nonessential profiling control program was developed. Performed tests on the information acquisition system indicated that the measurement accuracy of the system was 3 mm, and when advancing at a speed of 8 km/h, the accuracy of the profiling decision and the system stability were 97.1% and 94.1%, respectively, indicating that the system was capable of nonessential profile control. The designed ranging system could provide a reference for the design of a ground information acquisition system of precision planters with an active profiling mechanism.
Keywords: corn, precision planter, information acquisition system, seeding unit, profiling mechanism, active profiling, soil surface height variation
DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20181106.4037

Citation: Zhang B, Zhang W, Qi L Q, Fu H B, Yu L J, Li R, et al. Information acquisition system of multipoint soil surface height variation for profiling mechanism of seeding unit of precision corn planter. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2018; 11(6): 58–64.

Keywords


corn, precision planter, information acquisition system, seeding unit, profiling mechanism, active profiling, soil surface height variation

Full Text:

PDF

References


Li B F. Agricultural mechanics. China Agricultural Press, 2003; pp.48–71. (in Chinese)

Gupta S C, Swan J B, Schneider E C. Planting depth and tillage interactions on corn emergence. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 1988; 52(4): 1122–1127.

Nabi G, Mullins C E, Montemayor M B, Akhtar M S. Germination and emergence of irrigated cotton in Pakistan in relation to sowing depth and physical properties of the seedbed. Soil and Tillage Research, 2001; 59(1-2): 33–44.

Yao Z L, Gao H W, Wang X Y. Effect of three furrow openers for no-till wheat seeder on crop growth performance. Transactions of the CSAE, 2007; 23(7): 117–121. (in Chinese)

Loeppky H, Lafond G P, Fowler D B. Seeding depth in relation to plant development, winter survival, and yield of no-till winter wheat. Agronomy Journal, 1989; 81(1): 125–129.

Zhang R, Cui T, Yin X W, Zhang D X, Li K H, Han D D, et al. Design of depth-control planting unit with single-side gauge wheel for no-till maize precision planter. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2016; 9(6): 56–64.

Patwardhan R G, Rans M J. Planter with depth adjustment mechanism: U.S. Patent 7,946,232. 2011-5-24.

Lyu B, Yang Y Q, Liu H J, Cao X Z, Zhou Y, Zhao S H. Design and experiment on twin-row soybean no-till planter. Soybean Science, 2015; 34(6): 1047–1052.

Ozmerzi A, Karayel D, Topakci M. Effect of sowing depth on precision seeder uniformity. Biosystems Engineering, 2002; 82: 227–230.

Cai G H, Li H, Li H W, Wang Q J, He J, Ni J L. Design of test-bed for automatic depth of furrow opening control system based on ATmega128 single chip microcomputer. Transactions of the CSAE, 2011; 27(10): 11–16. (in Chinese)

Hu J. Theory and experimental research of sowing depth control for precision seeder unit. Changchun: Jilin University, 2012. (in Chinese)

Li Y H, Meng P X, Geng D Y, He K, Meng F H, Jiang M. Intelligent system for adjusting and controlling corn seeding depth. Transactions of the CSAM, 2016; 47(S1): 62–68+42. (in Chinese)

Nan C L. Research of potato digger digging blade electro-hydraulic profile modeling system. Inner Mongolia Agriculture University, 2013. (in Chinese)

Hernández Á, Ureña J, García J J, Mazo M, Hernanz D, Dérutin J P, et al. Ultrasonic ranging sensor using simultaneous emissions from different transducers. IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control, 2004; 51(12): 1660–1670.

David S M, Ernesto M G, José L G. Multipath mitigation for a phase-based infrared ranging system applied to indoor positioning. IEEE International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation (IPIN), 2013.

Liu L J, Yang X J, Li C R. Design of 2BMG-24 no-till wheat planter. Transactions of the CSAM, 2009; 40(10): 39–43. (in Chinese)

Lin J, Liu A D, Li B F. 2BG-2 type corn ridge planting no-till planter. Transactions of the CSAM, 2011; 42(6): 43–46. (in Chinese)

Liu H X, Guo L F, Fu L L, Tang S F. Study on multi-size seed-metering device for vertical plate soybean precision planter. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2015; 8(1): 1–8. (in Chinese)

Lin Y X, Shang S Q, Wang D W, Cui Z C, Yang H G. Design and experiment of inclined inserted no-tillage hill seeder. Transactions of the CSAE, 2017; 33(23): 8–14. (in Chinese)

Yao Z L, Li H W, Gao H W. Experiment on no-till wheat planter under the bestrow of the maize stubble in double cropping area. Transactions of the CSAM, 2007; 38(8): 57–61. (in Chinese)

Chen H, Huang H, Yang Y L. Design of row-followed no-till wheat and maize planter under controlled traffic farming system. Transactions of the CSAM, 2009; 40(3): 72–76. (in Chinese)

Mouazen A M, Anthonis J, Saeys W, Ramon H. An automatic depth control system for online measurement of spatial variation in soil compaction, Part 1: Sensor design for measurement of frame height variation from soil surface. Biosystems Engineering, 2004; 89(2): 139–150.

Saeys W, Wallays C, Engelen K, Ramon H, Anthonis J. An automatic depth control system for shallow slurry injection, Part 2: Control design and field validation. Biosystems Engineering, 2008; 99: 161–170.

Jensen L D, Nelson C, LeClaire J P. Depth control device for planting implement: U.S. Patent 6,701,857. 2004-3-9.

Anthonis J, Mouazen A M, Saeys W, Ramon H. An automatic depth control system for online measurement of spatial variation in soil compaction, Part 3: Design of depth control system. Biosystems Engineering, 2004; 89(1): 59–67.

Zhao J L, Zhu L T, Jia H L, Huang D Y, Guo M Z, Cong Y J. Automatic depth control system for a no-till seeder. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2018; 11(1): 115–121.

Zielke R R. On-the-go soil sensors and control methods for agricultural machines: U.S. Patent Application 15/717, 296. 2018-1-18.

Wen L P. The research of precision planter sowing depth control system based on PLC. Inner Mongolia Agriculture University, 2014. (in Chinese)

Zhao J H, Liu L J, Yang X J, Liu Z J, Tang J X. Design and laboratory test of control system for depth of furrow opening. Transactions of the CSAE, 2015; 31(6): 35–41. (in Chinese)

Gao H W, Li W Y, Li H W. Conservation tillage technology with Chinese characteristics. Transactions of the CSAE, 2002; 19(3): 1–4. (in Chinese)

Zhang W, Wang C, Liang Y, Li Y Q. Effects of debris covering on soil temperature in dryland farming area. Transactions of the CSAE, 2006; 22(5): 70–73. (in Chinese)

Feng G, Chang B. Study of high precision laser ranging technology. Laser & Infrared, 2007; 11: 004.

Shan J, Toth C K. Topographic laser ranging and scanning: principles and processing. CRC Press, 2018.

Toth C K, Petrie G. Introduction to laser ranging, profiling, and scanning. in Topographic laser ranging and scanning. CRC Press, 2018: 1–28.

Figueroa J F, Lamancusa J S. A method for accurate detection of time of arrival: Analysis and design of an ultrasonic ranging system. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1992; 91(1): 486–494.

Shangsong T Y C. Study on precision of ultrasonic ranging. Foreign Electronic Measurement Technology, 2006; 2: 010.

Zhang K, Liu G H. Research on a method of improving ultrasonic ranging precision. Modern Electronic Technique, 2007; 15: 139–141. (in Chinese)

Queiros R, Alegria F C, Girao P S, Serra A C. Cross-correlation and sine-fitting techniques for high-resolution ultrasonic ranging. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 2010; 59(12): 3227–3236.

Stann B L, Ruff W C, Sztankay Z G. Intensity-modulated diode laser radar using frequency-modulation/continuous-wave ranging techniques. Optical Engineering, 1996; 35(11): 3270–3279.

Xu B, Li G, Huang F K. Ambiguity problem of digitized multiple frequency CW ranging radar under noisy condition. Acta Electronica Sinica, 2002; 30(6): 903–906.

Abou-Jaoude R. ACC radar sensor technology, test requirements, and test solutions. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2003; 4(3): 115–122.

Feng G, Chang B. Study of high precision laser ranging technology. Laser & infrared, 2007, 11: 004.

Mautz R. Indoor Positioning Technologies, 2012.

Whiteside G D. Scene recognition method and system using brightness and ranging mapping: U.S. Patent 6,516,147. 2003–2-4.

Zhang D, Xia F, Yang Z, Yao L, Zhao W H. Localization technologies for indoor human tracking. IEEE 5th International Conference on Future Information Technology (FutureTech), 2010.

Scribner D A, Kruer M R, Killiany J M. Infrared focal plane array technology. Proceedings of the IEEE, 1991; 79(1): 66–85.

Rogalski A. Recent progress in infrared detector technologies. Infrared Physics & Technology, 2011; 54(3): 136–154.

Rogalski A, Chrzanowski K. Infrared devices and techniques. Optoelectronics Review, 2002; 10(2): 111–136.

Wang L, Zou X Y, Liu S Y, Chen B L, Zhu H C, Zhu R J. Infrared distance measurement used for cotton picker robot. Transactions of the CSAM, 2014; 45(07): 61–66. (in Chinese)

He X K, Zeng A J, Liu Y J, Song J L. Precision orchard sprayer based on automatically infrared target detecting and electrostatic spraying techniques. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2011; 4(1): 35

T Q W, Qu Z Y, Zhu H Q. Design of infrared range finder system for a robot based on a single chip microcomputer. Applied Science and Technology, 2010.

Liu X W. Research and development of double roller cultivation machine for straw-soil returning. China Agriculture University, 2000. (in Chinese)

Du C W. Development and test of a new type of maize straws rushing returning machine. Kunming University of Science and Technology, 2016. (in Chinese)




Copyright (c) 2018 International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering



2023-2026 Copyright IJABE Editing and Publishing Office