Energy Management Strategy of Control Parameter Adjustment for Extended-Range Electric Tractors

Xu Liyou, Zhang Junjiang, Liu Mengnan, Zhou Zhili, Liu Chengqiang

Abstract


It is difficult to make full use of the electrical energy of the power battery for extended-range electric tractors because the battery’s state of charge may be relatively high at the end of the running mileage. To address this situation, this paper aimed to study the control parameter adjustment in relation to the power battery’s electrical consumption and the diesel engine’s fuel consumption energy management strategy. Based on the AVL-Cruise simulation platform, the vehicle model of the tractor was established, and the control module of AVL-Cruise was used to compile the energy management strategy. In order to verify the superiority of the proposed strategy, the contrast strategy was employed in terms of the diesel engine start and stop control plus fixed point energy management strategy (FPEMS). The applicability of the proposed strategy was tested through continuous transfer operation and the small area deep loosening operation. The simulation results show that the proposed strategy was of good applicability. Compared with the FPEMS, the fuel consumption reduced significantly, and the electrical consumption of the power battery increased obviously.
Keywords: extended-range electric tractor, parameter adjustment, energy management strategy, simulation analysis
DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20171005.2692

Citation: Xu L Y, Zhang J J, Liu M N, Zhou Z L, Liu C Q. Control algorithm and energy management strategy for extended range electric tractors. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2017; 10(5): 35–44.

Keywords


extended-range electric tractor, parameter adjustment, energy management strategy, simulation analysis

Full Text:

PDF

References


Lee J W, Kim J S, Kim K U. Computer simulations to maximise fuel efficiency and work performance of agricultural tractors in rotovating and ploughing operations. Biosystems Engineering, 2016; 142: 1–11.

Pitla S K, Luck J D, Werner J, Lin N, Shearer S A. In-field fuel use and load states of agricultural field machinery. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 2016; 121: 290–300.

Lee D-H, Choi C-H, Chung S-O, Kim Y-J, Inoue E, Okayasu T. Evaluation of tractor fuel efficiency using dynamometer and baler operation cycle. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture Kyushu University, 2016; 61(1): 173–182.

Juostas A, Janulevičius A. Tractor's engine efficiency and exhaust emissions’ research in drilling work. Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management, 2014; 22(2): 141–150.

Janulevičius A. Juostas A, Pupinis G. Tractor’s engine performance and emission characteristics in the process of ploughing. Energy Conversion and Management, 2013; 75: 498–508.

Lee J-S, Kim S T, Cao R., Choi N-S, Liu M, Lee K T, et al. Metal-air batteries with high energy density: Li-air versus Zn-air. Advanced Energy Materials, 2011; 1(1): 34–50.

Burke A F. Batteries and ultracapacitors for electric, hybrid, and fuel cell vehicles. Proceedings of the IEEE, 2007; 95(4): 806–820.

Yoshida K, Tomonari S, Yoshioka H, Tanaka S, Satoh D, Esashi M. High energy density miniature electrical and thermal power source using catalytic combustion of butane. The 17th IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS ’04), Kyoto, Japan, 2004; pp. 316–321.

Pollet B G, Staffell L, Shang J L. Current status of hybrid, battery and fuel cell electric vehicles: From electrochemistry to market prospects. Electrochimica Acta, 2012; 84: 235–249.

Liu M N, Xu L Y, Zhou Z L, Liu W. Establishment of extended range electric tractor and its rotary cultivator’s simulative platforms. China Mechanical Engineering, 2016; 27(3): 413–419.

Miller M, Holmes A, Conlon B, Savagian P. The GM “Voltec” 4ET50 multi-mode electric transaxle. SAE Int. J. Engines, 2011; 4(1): 1102–1114.

Zhou S, Niu J G, Chen F X, Pei F L. A study on powertrain

design and simulation for range-extended electric vehicle. Automotive Engineering, 2011; 33(11): 924–929. (in Chinese)

Wen J, Chen Y. Parameter matching and simulation study on powertrain for extended—range electric school bus. Computer Simulation, 2015; 32(10): 172–176. (in Chinese)

Kuang Y H, Zhang Y J, Zhou B, Li C B, Cao Y J, Li L J et al. A review of renewable energy utilization in islands. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2016; 59: 504–513.

Zhou B Y, Wu Y, Zhou B, Wang R J, Ke W W, Zhang S J, et al. Real-world performance of battery electric buses and their life-cycle benefits with respect to energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions. Energy, 2016; 96: 603–613.

Torres J L, Gonzalez R, Gimenez A, Lopez J. Energy management strategy for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles: A comparative study. Applied Energy, 2014; 113: 816–824.

Tie S F, Tan C W. A review of energy sources and energy management system in electric vehicles. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2013; 20: 82–102.

Ansarey M, Panahi M S, Ziarati H, Mahjoob M. Optimal energy management in a dual-storage fuel-cell hybrid vehicle using multi-dimensional dynamic programming. Journal of Power Sources, 2014; 250: 359–371.

Hou C, Ouyang M G, Xu L F, Wang H W. Approximate Pontryagin’s minimum principle applied to the energy management of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. Applied Energy, 2014; 115: 174–189.

Nuesch T, Cerofolini A, Mancini G, Cavina N, Onder C, Guzzella L. Equivalent consumption minimization strategy for the control of real driving NOx emissions of a diesel hybrid electric vehicle. Energies, 2014; 7(5): 3148–3178.

Chen Z, Mi C C, Xiong R, Xu J, You C W. Energy management of a power-split plug-in hybrid electric vehicle based on genetic algorithm and quadratic programming. Journal of Power Sources, 2014; 248: 416–426.

Chen B-C, Wu Y-Y, Tsai H-C. Design and analysis of power management strategy for range extended electric vehicle using dynamic programming. Applied Energy, 2014; 113: 1764–1774.

Kelouwani S, Henao N, Agbossou K. Two-layer energy-management architecture for a fuel cell HEV using road trip information. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2012; 61(9): 3851–3864.

Chen Z, Zhang X, Mi C C. Slide mode and fuzzy logic based powertrain controller for the energy management and battery lifetime extension of series hybrid electric vehicles. Journal of Asian Electric Vehicles, 2010; 8: 1425–1432.

Banvait H, Anwar S, Chen Y. A rule-based energy management strategy for plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV). In Proceedings of the American Control Conference, MO, USA, 2009; pp. 3938–3943.




Copyright (c)



2023-2026 Copyright IJABE Editing and Publishing Office